Multicolor writing and painting instruments with multiple, bundled, hard, wear-resistant nibs

ABSTRACT

A multicolor writing and painting instrument may include a plurality of hard, wear-resistant nibs at an end of the tubular housing. Each nib may have a tip. The nibs may be bundled together such that the tips of the nibs lie in substantially the same plane and approximately on the circumference of a common circle. The instrument may include an ink reservoir for each of the nibs within the tubular housing. Each ink reservoir may be configured to hold a colored ink. 
     The instrument may include a single, hard, wear-resistant nib at an end of the tubular housing. The nib may have a writing surface. A plurality of tubes may each lead to the writing surface of the nib. The tubes may form a plurality of openings on the writing surface. The openings may be arranged in clusters of one or more openings. Each cluster of openings may lie approximately along a circumference of a common circle. There may be a separate ink reservoir within the tubular housing for each cluster of openings.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)

This application is based upon and claims priority to U.S. ProvisionalPatent Application number U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 61/013,071,entitled “MULTICOLOR PENS AND PAINTING INSTRUMENTS,” filed Dec. 12,2007, attorney docket number 028080-0312; and U.S. Patent ApplicationSer. No. 61/040,588, entitled “MULTICOLOR WRITING AND PAINTINGINSTRUMENTS,” filed Mar. 28, 2008, attorney docket number 028080-0332.The entire content of both applications is incorporated herein byreference.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH

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NAMES OF PARTIES TO JOINT RESEARCH AGREEMENT

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REFERENCE TO APPENDIX

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BACKGROUND

1. Technical Field

This application relates to writing and painting instruments, includingwriting and painting instruments that write and paint in differentcolors.

2. Description of Related Art

People frequently write and paint (hereinafter collectively “write”) inmore than one color. For example, people may draft a document in onecolor and mark needed changes in a different color. People may also usecolor to provide emphasis. To do so, however, they may need to pick upone instrument which writes in one color, write with that instrument,put it down, pick up a different instrument which writes in the othercolor, write with that instrument, put it down, and repeat this processthroughout their effort. This may waste time, be inconvenient, andrequire multiple writing instruments to be purchased, stored, andcarried. Different-colored writing instruments may not even always beavailable. This may diminish the effectiveness of the writings that areproduced.

Different colored pens have been placed within a single housing. Buttonsor other mechanical devices allow the user to selectively move the nibfrom just one of these colored pens into the writing position. When acolor change is desired, however, the person must usually stop writing,lift the instrument from the writing surface, manipulate the mechanicaldevice to make the change, and reposition the instrument back on thewriting surface. Such pens may also be limited in the colors which theycan provide.

Another approach was set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 7,018,122. Differentcolored inks were simultaneously delivered to a tri-sectioned nib madefrom fibrous material. The user changed color merely by rotating thewriting instrument. However, this fibrous nib may not wear evenly whichmay result in a short useful product life. This instrument also appearsto have been limited in the colors which it can provide.

SUMMARY

A multicolor writing and painting instrument may include a tubularhousing sized and shaped to be held by fingers of a user. The instrumentmay include a plurality of hard, wear-resistant nibs at an end of thetubular housing. Each nib may have a tip. The nibs may be bundledtogether such that the tips of the nibs lie in substantially the sameplane and approximately on the circumference of a common circle. Theinstrument may include an ink reservoir for each of the nibs within thetubular housing. Each ink reservoir may be configured to hold a coloredink. The instrument may include a fluid delivery system within thetubular housing for each of the nibs. Each fluid delivery system may beconnected between one of the nibs and the ink reservoir for that nib andconfigured to deliver fluid from that reservoir to that nib.

The ink reservoirs may each contain a different colored ink. Thedifferent colors may include red, blue and black.

Each nib may be made of a hard metal.

Each nib may include a roller ball. Each roller ball may be a needleroller ball.

The instrument may include color selection indicia on the surface of thetubular housing that is configured to communicate to the user the colorthe instrument is positioned to write.

The color selection indicia may include a color selection indicia foreach nib. Each color selection indicia for a nib may span across only aportion of the perimeter of the cross-section of the tubular housing andmay be located opposite in rotational position to that nib. Each colorselection indicia for a nib may include a visual color that isapproximately the same as the colored ink delivered to that nib.

The tubular housing may have a plurality of substantially flatlongitudinal surfaces, each corresponding to one of the nibs.

There may be two and only two nibs. The tubular housing may have asubstantially flattened oval cross-section with two and only twosubstantially flat longitudinal surfaces.

There may be three and only three nibs and the tubular housing may havethree and only three substantially flat longitudinal surfaces that havea substantially triangular cross-section.

There may be four and only four nibs and the tubular housing may havefour and only four substantially flat longitudinal surfaces that have asubstantially rectangular cross-section.

Each fluid delivery system may include a capillary element configured totransfer fluid by capillary action.

Each nib may be a fountain pen nib. Each fountain pen nib may includetwo half nibs and each adjacent set of half nibs from neighboringfountain pen nibs may be configured to mix the inks that are deliveredto their respective neighboring nibs.

There may be three and only tree nibs, reservoirs, and fluid deliverysystems.

There may be two and only two nibs, reservoirs, and fluid deliverysystems.

A multicolor writing and painting instrument may include a single, hard,wear-resistant nib at an end of the tubular housing. The nib may have awriting surface. A plurality of tubes may each lead to the writingsurface of the nib. The tubes may form a plurality of openings on thewriting surface. The openings may be arranged in clusters of one or moreopenings. Each cluster of openings may lie approximately along acircumference of a common circle. There may be a separate ink reservoirwithin the tubular housing for each cluster of openings. A fluiddelivery system may be within the tubular housing and may be connectedbetween each ink reservoir and the tubes which form the openings of oneof the clusters of openings and configured to deliver fluid from thereservoir to which it is connected to the tubes to which it isconnected.

The nib may be made of glass.

The nib may be made of ceramic.

Each cluster of openings may be spaced apart from the other clusters ofopenings.

Each tube may be configured to transfer fluid by capillary action.

Each fluid delivery system may include a capillary element configured totransfer fluid by capillary action.

The tubes which form the openings of each of the clusters of openingsmay lead to an ink distribution hub that is separate from all of theother ink distribution hubs.

There may be three and only three clusters of openings and reservoirs.One of the reservoirs may contain yellow ink, another cyan ink, and theother magenta ink.

There may be two and only two clusters of openings, ink reservoirs, andfluid delivery systems.

These, as well as other components, steps, features, objects, benefits,and advantages, will now become clear from a review of the followingdetailed description of illustrative embodiments, the accompanyingdrawings, and the claims

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

The drawings disclose illustrative embodiments. They do not set forthall embodiments. Other embodiments may be used in addition or instead.Details that may be apparent or unnecessary may be omitted to save spaceor for more effective illustration. Conversely, some embodiments may bepracticed without all of the details that are disclosed. When the samenumeral appears in different drawings, it is intended to refer to thesame or like components or steps.

FIG. 1 a illustrates a multicolor writing and painting instrument withmultiple, bundled, hard, wear-resistant, needle-style roller ball nibs.

FIG. 1 b illustrates a cut away view of the lower portion of themulticolor writing and painting instrument illustrated in FIG. 1 a.

FIG. 2 a illustrates a multicolor writing and painting instrument withmultiple, bundled, hard, wear-resistant fountain pen nibs.

FIG. 2 b illustrates a cross-section of the multicolor writing andpainting instrument illustrated in FIG. 1 a taken along the line 2 b-2b′.

FIGS. 2 c-2 e are front, back, and side views, respectively, of one ofthe fountain pen nibs in the multicolor writing and painting instrumentillustrated in FIG. 2 a.

FIG. 3 a illustrates a multicolor writing and painting instrument with asingle, hard, wear-resistant nib having clusters of openings on thesurface of the nib through which different colored ink is delivered.

FIG. 3 b illustrates the multicolor writing and painting instrumentillustrated in FIG. 3 a with the tubular housing removed.

FIGS. 3 c and 3 d illustrate the front and rear, respectively, of thenib in the multicolor writing and painting instrument illustrated inFIG. 3 a.

FIGS. 4 a, 4 b, and 5, front, rear, and enlarged front views,respectively, of a multicolor writing and painting instrument with two,bundled, hard, wear-resistant nibs and a tubular housing have aflattened oval cross section and color selection indicia on two opposingrounded sections.

FIG. 5 has been omitted.

FIGS. 6 a-6 c are front, enlarged front, and rear views, respectively,of a multicolor writing and painting instrument with three, bundled,hard, wear-resistant nibs and a tubular housing have a triangular crosssection with color selection indicia on corners of the housing.

FIGS. 7 a-7 c are front, enlarged front, and rear views, respectively,of a multicolor writing and painting instrument with four, bundled,hard, wear-resistant nibs and a tubular housing have a square crosssection and color selection indicia on corners of the housing.

FIG. 8 a illustrates a multicolor writing and painting instrument with asingle nib fed with user-selected colored ink(s) that uses anink-receiving surface that is a flat disk sector.

FIG. 8 b illustrates internal reservoirs and cylinder sectors in themulticolor writing and painting instrument illustrated in FIG. 8 a.

FIG. 8 c illustrates the multicolor writing and painting instrumentillustrated in FIG. 8 a with the conical outer section of the tubularhousing removed.

FIG. 8 d is a cut-away view of the portion of the multicolor writing andpainting instrument illustrated in FIG. 8 c.

FIG. 8 e is a cut-away view of the writing end of the multicolor writingand painting instrument illustrated in FIG. 8 a with the disk sectorassembly removed.

FIG. 8 f is a cut-away view of the outer conical section, disk sectorassembly, and nib of the multicolor writing and painting instrumentillustrated in FIG. 8 a.

FIG. 8 g illustrates the disk sector assembly and the nib of themulticolor writing and painting instrument illustrated in FIG. 8 a.

FIGS. 8 h and 8 i illustrate front and rear views, respectively, of theflat disk sector and nib of the multicolor writing and paintinginstrument illustrated in FIG. 8 a.

FIG. 8 j illustrates the flat disk sector in the multicolor writing andpainting instrument illustrated in FIG. 8 a positioned to absorbapproximately equally rates of ink flow from surfaces of two of thethree cylinder sectors.

FIGS. 9 a and 9 b are cut-away views of the front and rear,respectively, of a multicolor writing and painting instrument with asingle nib fed with user-selected colored ink(s) that uses a fluiddelivery system having reciprocating capillary elements.

FIG. 9 c illustrates a prismatic capillary element in the color writingand painting instrument illustrated in FIGS. 9 a and 9 b.

FIGS. 9 d-9 f illustrate different perspectives of reciprocatingcapillary elements in the color writing and painting instrumentillustrated in FIGS. 9 a and 9 b.

FIG. 9 g illustrate a reciprocating capillary element positioned tointroduce clear fluid into the prismatic capillary element in the colorwriting and painting instrument illustrated in FIGS. 9 a and 9 b.

FIG. 9 h illustrate color selection control sliders and a dilutioncontrol protruding from the tubular housing of the color writing andpainting instrument illustrated in FIGS. 9 a and 9 b.

FIGS. 10 a-10 c illustrate a multicolor writing and painting instrumentwith a single roller ball functioning as a nib and ink-receiving surfacethat is fed with user-selected colored ink(s) from a rotatablemulti-section capillary cylinder that has a central axis that is offsetfrom the center of the roller ball.

FIGS. 11 a and 11 b are cut-away side and top views, respectively, of amulticolor writing and painting instrument with a single nib fed withuser-selected colored ink(s) that uses a fluid delivery system havingreciprocating capillary elements that are controlled by a rotating knob.

FIG. 11 c is the lower portion of the multicolor writing and paintinginstrument illustrated in FIGS. 11 a and 11 b.

FIG. 11 d illustrates the rotatable knob of the color selection controlin the multicolor writing and painting instrument illustrated in FIGS.11 a and 11 b.

FIG. 12 is a cut-away view of a color selection control in a multicolorwriting and painting instrument with a single nib fed with user-selectedcolored ink(s) that uses a fluid delivery system that includesreciprocating capillary elements that are automatically controlled bythe rotational position of the instrument.

FIG. 13 a is a cut away view of a multicolor writing and paintinginstrument with a single nib fed that uses droplet dispensing mechanismsconfigured to selectively deliver colored ink to an ink-receivingsurface.

FIG. 13 b illustrates the lower portion of the multicolor writing andpainting instrument illustrated in FIG. 13 a.

FIG. 14 is a cut away view of a the lower portion of a multicolorwriting and painting instrument with a lower, open-ended tubular housingthat uses droplet dispensing mechanisms configured to selectivelydeliver colored ink directly to a writing surface.

FIG. 15 is a cut away view of the lower portion of a multicolor writingand painting instrument with a single nib fed with user-selected coloredink(s) controlled by micro-fluidic valves.

FIG. 16 a illustrates a multicolor writing and painting instrument witha single nib fed with user-selected colored ink(s) controlled by a colorselection control that uses pivoting weights to automatically select thecolored ink based on the rotational position of the instrument.

FIG. 16 b illustrates the lower portion of the conical portion of thetubular housing in the multicolor writing and painting instrumentillustrated in FIG. 16 a.

FIG. 16 c illustrates a pivoting weight in the multicolor writing andpainting instrument illustrated in FIG. 16 a in a closed position.

FIG. 16 d illustrates a pivoting weight in the multicolor writing andpainting instrument illustrated in FIG. 16 a in an open position.

FIG. 16 e illustrates disk-shaped cavities in the multicolor writing andpainting instrument illustrated in FIG. 16 a.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

Illustrative embodiments are now discussed. Other embodiments may beused in addition or instead. Details that may be apparent or unnecessarymay be omitted to save space or for a more effective presentation.Conversely, some embodiments may be practiced without all of the detailsthat are disclosed.

FIG. 1 a illustrates a multicolor writing and painting instrument withmultiple, bundled, hard, wear-resistant, needle-style roller ball nibs.FIG. 1 b illustrates a cut away view of the lower portion of themulticolor writing and painting instrument illustrated in FIG. 1 a.

This instrument may include a tubular housing 101 having a taperedsection 103 that supports a plurality of nibs 105. A plurality of colorselection indicia, such as color selection indicia 107 and 109, mayappear on the tubular housing 101, along with a plurality of rotationindicators, such as a rotation indicator 111.

The nibs 105 may have tips which lie in substantially the same plane andon the circumference of a common circle. The nibs 105 may be made of ahard and wear-resistant material, such as metal (e.g., steel ortitanium), glass, or ceramic.

The nibs 105 may be roller ball nibs. Any type of roller ball nib may beused. For example, the roller ball nibs may be needle-style roller ballnibs. Each may include a very small metallic roller ball installed atthe end of a very thin metallic barrel.

There may be any number of nibs. Although three is illustrated, theremay instead be two, four, five, six, or any other number.

The nibs 105 may be bundled together. Any technique may be used. Thebundling may be tight so as to leave little space between them. Toaccomplish this, the tubes leading to the nibs may be braised together.Other bundling techniques may be used in addition or instead.

The collective diameter of the nibs 105 may be sufficiently small so asto cause their collective circumference to be approximately the same asa standard sized roller ball nib.

The instrument may include a plurality of ink reservoirs, one for eachof the nibs. For example, the instrument may include an ink reservoir113, 115, and 117.

The ink reservoirs may be of any type. For example, they may berefillable. They may include a piston to facilitate refilling and/ordispensing. They may be disposable and/or replaceable. They may includefluid absorbing material such as is commonly used in felt pen inkbarrels.

Each ink reservoir may be filled with an ink. The color of the ink ineach ink reservoir may be different from the color that is used in everyother reservoir. For example, red, blue, and black ink may be used.Alternatively the primary colors yellow, cayenne, and magenta may beused.

A fluid delivery system may be used to deliver ink from each of the inkreservoirs to its respective nib. Any type of fluid delivery system maybe used. For example, the fluid delivery system may include one or morecapillary elements, such as tubes or fiber (e.g., felt). The fluiddelivery system may in addition or instead rely upon gravity. A tube mayagain be used for this purpose. When a tube is used, it may be made ofany material, such as plastic or metal. When relying upon gravity, theink may be a gel ink that flows more gradually through tubes. This maynot cause a bleeding phenomenon, the prevention of which may requirecapillary action inside the pen in the form of a fiber packed barrel orcapillary parallel disks. Unlike what is illustrated in FIGS. 1 a-1 b,the fluid delivery system and ink reservoir for each nib may both beimplement by a single tube such as is commonly found in a single-coloredink pen.

The fluid delivery system may include a pressure applicator configuredto expel ink from an ink reservoir with pressure.

The fluid delivery system may include a fluid regulating mechanism, suchas a closely packed set of discs, as is used in some liquid pens.

With respect to the instrument illustrated in FIGS. 1 a and 1 b, thefluid delivery system may include a tube connecting each ink reservoirto its corresponding nib, such as tubes 119, 121, and 123. The fluiddelivery system may include a feed-through cylinder 125 that may helpsupport the tubes and bundle them together.

The tubular housing 101 may be of any type, including any size, shape,or material, such as metal or plastic. The tubular housing may beconfigured to be sized and shaped to be comfortably held by fingers of auser.

The tapered section 103 of the tubular housing 101 may or may not beintegral with the non-tapered section of the tubular housing 101. Thetapered section 103 may be made of any material, such as rubber,plastic, or metal, and may be of any size or shape. The tapered section103 may be sized and shaped to be comfortably held by fingers of a user.

The multicolor writing and painting instrument that is illustrated inFIGS. 1 a and 1 b may be used in any manner. For example, the tubularhousing 101 may be held within the fingers of a user, much like anordinary pen. However, the color with which the instrument writes may bedependent upon the rotational position of the instrument along itslongitudinal axis while being held within the fingers. That color may bechanged by rotating the instrument along its longitudinal axis.

The amount of needed rotation may depend upon the number of nibs. Forexample, if three nibs are used, a rotation of approximately 120° maychange from one color to the next.

It may be possible to rotate the instrument to a position that causestwo neighboring nibs to write simultaneously. This may result in twolines being written, each in a different color, or a single line thathas a color resulting from the mixture of the two.

The instrument may be rotated without having to use the hand which isnot writing. It may be rotated without lifting the instrument from thewriting surface.

The color selection indicia, such as the color selection indicia 107 and109, may be positioned on the tubular housing 101 so as to communicateto the user the color the instrument is positioned to write.

The color selection indicia may include color selection indicia for eachnib. Each color selection indicia for a nib may span across only aportion of the perimeter of the cross-section of the tubular housing andmay be located opposite in rotational position to that nib. Each colorselection indicia for a nib may include a visual color that isapproximately the same as the colored ink which is delivered to thatnib. Thus, for example, a blue color selection indicia, such as thecolor selection indicia 107, may be positioned on the surface of thetubular housing 101 approximately 180° opposite of the rotationalposition of the roller ball nib which is connected to an ink reservoircontaining blue ink.

The color selection indicia may be of any size, shape, and may be at anylocation. Although shown toward the lower portion of the instrument inFIG. 1 a, for example, the color selection indicia may instead be on thetapered section 103 or on the middle or top of the longitudinal portionof the tubular housing 101.

Each color selection indicia may be only a single line or may occupy agreater portion of the circumference of the tubular housing 101. Eachmay span a shorter portion of the length of the tubular housing 101 thanillustrated in FIG. 1 a or a longer portion.

Rotational indicators, such as the rotation indicator 111, may beconfigured in a shape that indicates movement, such as an arrow. Eachrotational indicator may bare the color of the next color selectionindicia, thus communicating to the user the direction in which the usermust rotate the instrument in order to change to that particular color.

The color selection indicia and the associated rotation indicators maybe configured to be replaceable with indicators of different colors.Thus, any desired set of colors may be loaded into the various inkreservoirs and color and rotation indicators correctly corresponding tothis set of colors may be attached to the tubular housing 101.

FIG. 2 a illustrates a multicolor writing and painting instrument withmultiple, bundled, hard, wear-resistant fountain pen nibs. FIG. 2 billustrates a cross-section of the multicolor writing and paintinginstrument illustrated in FIG. 1 a taken along the line A-A′. FIGS. 2c-2 e are front, back and side views, respectively, of one of thefountain pen nibs in the multicolor writing and painting instrumentillustrated in FIG. 2 a.

This instrument may include a tubular housing 201 having a tapered grip203 which supports a plurality of nibs 205.

There may be an ink reservoir for each nib. The ink reservoirs may be ofany type, including any of the types discussed elsewhere in thisapplication.

The nibs may be fountain pen nibs. They may be made of a hard,wear-resistant material, such as metal (e.g., steel or titanium) orplastic. They may be placed back-to-back as close as possible so as toform a cylinder. Although three nibs are illustrated, a different numbermay be used, such as two, four, five, or six.

A fluid delivery system may be used to deliver ink to each nib from itscorresponding ink reservoir. The types of fluid delivery systems thatare commonly used in fountain pens may also be used, as well as any ofthe types of fluid delivery systems that are discussed elsewhere in thisapplication.

The tubular housing 201 may be configured to house the ink reservoirsand the fluid delivery systems. The tubular housing may be of any type,including any of the types discussed elsewhere in this application.

Color selection indicia may be provided to signal to the user the colorat which the instrument has been oriented to write. An example is acolor selection indicia 207. Any other type of color selection indiciamay be used, such as any of the types discussed elsewhere in thisapplication.

The nibs 205 may be comprised of adjacent half-split nibs, such ashalf-split nibs 209 and 211 illustrated in FIGS. 2 c-2 e. When placedclosely together, as illustrated in FIG. 2 a, each adjacent set of halfnibs from neighboring fountain pen nibs may mix the inks that aredelivered to their respective neighboring nibs, thus allowing two colorsto be written for every single color of ink that is stored in the inkreservoirs.

FIG. 3 a illustrates a multicolor writing and painting instrument with asingle, hard, wear-resistant nib having clusters of openings on thesurface of the nib through which different colored ink is delivered.FIG. 3 b illustrates the multicolor writing and painting instrumentillustrated in FIG. 3 a with the tubular housing removed. FIGS. 3 c and3 d illustrate the front and rear, respectively, of the nib in themulticolor writing and painting instrument illustrated in FIG. 3 a.

This instrument may include a tubular housing 301 which may have atapered portion 306 that supports a single nib 308.

The nib 308 may be made of a hard, wear-resistant material, such asmetal, ceramic, glass, or other solid and durable material.

There may be clusters of openings in the tip of the nib, such asclusters 303, 305, and 307. Although only three clusters, there may be adifferent number, such as two, four, five, or six.

There may be any number of openings in each cluster of openings.Although twenty are illustrated, there could be a different number, suchas 2, 3, 4, 5-10, 10-15, 15-19, 21-25, 26-35, or 36-50.

Each of the clusters may be located approximately on a circumference ofa common circle. Each cluster may or may not be separated from theothers by a space which is greater than the space between each of itsopenings.

Each opening in a cluster may be an end of a tube, such as a tube 309.Each tube may be configured to deliver ink to its respective opening onthe nib. Each tube may be of any type. For example, it may be sized todeliver ink using capillary action or gravity.

Any technique may be used to manufacture the tubes. When the nib 308 isglass, for example, the tubes may be produced by a laser-basedDirect-Write Fabrication Process. This process may engrave the tubesdirectly into the glass material using a laser. It may selectively alterthe characteristics of the desired regions using special,laser-sensitive glass. The laser-treated glass may then be chemicallyetched to remove the regions treated by the laser. Using this process,one or more microfluidic channels may be engraved by the laser insidethe nib behind each cluster of openings.

For a metallic nib, for example, powdered metallurgy may be used tocreate porous sections in the metallic nib.

For a ceramic nib, for example, ceramic sinntering techniques may beused.

In lieu of tubes, felt or other types of capillary elements may be used.

The set of tubes or other ink-delivering apparatus which form theopenings of each cluster may all collectively be fed from a single inkdistribution hub, such as an ink distribution hub 311 for the tubesforming the opening clusters 303, an ink distribution hub 313 for thetubes forming the opening clusters 305, and an ink distribution hub 315for the tubes forming the opening clusters 307. Thus, all of the tubesor other feeding mechanisms that form the openings of a single clustermay all be fed with the same color ink. The shape, size, and/or depth ofeach ink distribution hub may be different than is illustrated.

There may be an ink reservoir for each cluster of openings, such as inkreservoirs 317, 319, and 321. Any type of ink reservoir may be used,such as any of types of ink reservoirs that have been discussedelsewhere in this application.

A different color ink may be placed in each ink reservoir. For example,when three clusters of openings are used, the three ink reservoirs maybe filled with ink having one of the primary colors.

A fluid delivery system may be employed to deliver ink from eachreservoir to its respective ink distribution hub. For example, tubes323, 325, and 327 may be used for this purpose. Any other type of fluiddelivery system may be used, such as any of the types discussedelsewhere in this application.

The tubular housing 301 may be may be configured to house the inkreservoirs and the fluid delivery systems. The tubular housing 301 maybe of any type, such as any of the types discussed elsewhere in thisapplication.

When having three clusters of openings and when containing inks havingthe three primary colors, the instrument that is illustrated in FIGS. 3a-3 d may be capable of generating any color by rotating the instrumentto the position that causes the inks to be combined in the amount thatis necessary for that color. For example, when one of the primary colorsis desired, the instrument may be rotated to a position at which onlythe openings from the cluster for that color come in contact with thewriting surface. When a color is desired that lies midway between twoprimary colors, for example, the instrument may be rotated to theposition which causes an equal number of the openings in the twoneighboring clusters that make up this color to come in contact with thewriting surface. When the color requires a larger amount of one primarycolor than another, the instrument may be rotated to the position thatcauses an unequal number of the openings from the two neighboringclusters that make up this color to come in contact with the writingsurface.

Color selection indicia may be provided to signal to the user the colorat which the instrument has been oriented to write. The color selectionindicia may be of any type, such as any of the types discussed elsewherein this application.

The tubular housing of the writing instrument may have a cross-sectionthat may help communicate to the user the color which has been selectedand that may help maintain the rotational position that has beenselected for that color. These are referred to herein as “form factors.”Examples of these are now discussed.

FIGS. 4 a, 4 b, and 5 are front, rear, enlarged front, views,respectively, of a multicolor writing and painting instrument with two,bundled, hard, wear-resistant nibs and a tubular housing have aflattened oval cross section and color selection indicia on two opposingrounded sections.

This instrument may include a tubular housing 401 having a taperedportion 403 that supports two nibs 405.

The two nibs 405 may be of any type, including any of the typesdiscussed elsewhere in this application.

There may be an ink reservoir for each nib. The ink reservoirs may be ofany type, including any of the types discussed elsewhere in thisapplication.

Each ink reservoir may contain a different colored ink. Any colors maybe used, including any of the colors and color sets discussed elsewherein this application.

A fluid delivery system may be used to deliver ink to each nib from itscorresponding ink reservoir. The fluid delivery systems may be of anytype, including any of the types of fluid delivery systems that arediscussed elsewhere in this application.

The tubular housing 401 may be may be configured to house the inkreservoirs and the fluid delivery systems. The tubular housing may be ofany type, such as any of the types discussed elsewhere in thisapplication.

The tubular housing 401 may have a substantially, flattened,oval-cross-section. It may include a color selection indicia 407 for oneof the nibs and a color selection indicia 409 for the other nib. Eachcolor selection indicia may be located on the tubular housing 401 at alocation which is approximately 180 degrees opposite of the position ofthe nib whose writing color it indicates. Each color selection indiciamay be in the shape of a semi-cylinder and bear the color at which itsopposing nib may write. In a different embodiment, the two nibs may berotated approximately 90° and each of their respective color selectionindicia may instead be on the flat faces of the tubular housing 401.

The color selection indicia may be of any other type, such as any of thetypes discussed elsewhere in this application.

FIGS. 6 a-6 c are front, enlarged front, and rear views, respectively,of a multicolor writing and painting instrument with three, bundled,hard, wear-resistant nibs and a tubular housing have a triangular crosssection with color selection indicia on corners of the housing.

This instrument may have a tubular housing 601 having a tapered portion603 supporting three nibs 605.

The three nibs 605 may be of any type, including any of the typesdiscussed elsewhere in this application.

There may be an ink reservoir for each nib. The ink reservoirs may be ofany type, including any of the types discussed elsewhere in thisapplication.

Each ink reservoir may contain a different colored ink. Any colors maybe used, including any of the colors and color sets discussed elsewherein this application.

A fluid delivery system may be used to deliver ink to each nib from itscorresponding ink reservoir. The fluid delivery systems may be of anytype, including any of the types of fluid delivery systems that arediscussed elsewhere in this application.

The tubular housing 601 may be may be configured to house the inkreservoirs and the fluid delivery systems. The tubular housing may be ofany type, such as any of the types discussed elsewhere in thisapplication.

The tubular housing 601 may have a substantially triangularcross-section. The color selection indicia for each respective nib maybe positioned on the opposing corner of the triangular cross-section ofthe tubular housing 601, such as is illustrated in connection with colorselection indicia 607, 609, and 611. Each color selection indicia may berod-like and may protrude into a top portion 613 of the tubular housing601 to indicate the selected color from this top portion.

The three nibs 605 may instead be rotated approximately 60° from theposition illustrated in FIGS. 6 a-6 c with respect to the tubularhousing 601. In this case, the corresponding color selection indicia mayinstead appear on the flat portions of the surfaces of the tubularhousing 601.

The color selection indicia may be of any other type, such as any of thetypes discussed elsewhere in this application.

FIGS. 7 a-7 c are front, enlarged front, and rear views, respectively,of a multicolor writing and painting instrument with four, bundled,hard, wear-resistant nibs and a tubular housing have a square crosssection and color selection indicia on corners of the housing.

This instrument may include a tubular housing 701 which may include atapered portion 703 supporting four bundled nibs 705.

The four nibs 705 may be of any type, including any of the typesdiscussed elsewhere in this application.

There may be an ink reservoir for each nib. The ink reservoirs may be ofany type, including any of the types discussed elsewhere in thisapplication.

Each ink reservoir may contain a different colored ink. Any colors maybe used, including any of the colors and color sets discussed elsewherein this application.

A fluid delivery system may be used to deliver ink to each nib from itscorresponding ink reservoir. The fluid delivery systems may be of anytype, including any of the types of fluid delivery systems that arediscussed elsewhere in this application.

The tubular housing may be configured to house the ink reservoirs andthe fluid delivery systems. The tubular housing may be of any type, suchas any of the types discussed elsewhere in this application.

The tubular housing 701 may have a rectangular cross-section. A colorselection indicia may be provided on each corner of the tubular housing701 indicating the color of the nib which is at a rotational positionthat is approximately 180° away, such as color selection indicia 709,711, 713, and 715. Each color selection indicia may be of the same typeas illustrated in FIGS. 6 a-6 c and as discussed above. In an alternateembodiment, the bundled nibs may be rotated approximately 45° withrespect to the tubular housing 701, in which case the color selectionindicia may appear on the flat faces of the tubular housing 701, ratherthan on the corners.

The color selection indicia may be of any other type, such as any of thetypes discussed elsewhere in this application.

FIG. 8 a illustrates a multicolor writing and painting instrument with asingle nib fed with user-selected colored ink(s) that uses anink-receiving surface that is a flat disk sector. FIG. 8 b illustratesinternal reservoirs and cylinder sectors in the multicolor writing andpainting instrument illustrated in FIG. 8 a. FIG. 8 c illustrates themulticolor writing and painting instrument illustrated in FIG. 8 a withthe conical outer section of the tubular housing removed. FIG. 8 d is acut-away view of the portion of the multicolor writing and paintinginstrument illustrated in FIG. 8 c. FIG. 8 e is a cut-away view of thewriting end of the multicolor writing and painting instrumentillustrated in FIG. 8 a with the disk sector assembly removed. FIG. 8 fis a cut-away view of the outer conical section, disk sector assembly,and nib of the multicolor writing and painting instrument illustrated inFIG. 8 a. FIG. 8 g illustrates the disk sector assembly and the nib ofthe multicolor writing and painting instrument illustrated in FIG. 8 a.FIGS. 8 h and 8 i illustrate front and rear views, respectively, of theflat disk sector and nib of the multicolor writing and paintinginstrument illustrated in FIG. 8 a. FIG. 8 j illustrates the flat disksector in the multicolor writing and painting instrument illustrated inFIG. 8 a positioned to absorb approximately equally rates of ink flowfrom surfaces of two of the three cylinder sectors.

This instrument may include a tubular housing 801 having a tapered outersection 803 supporting a single nib 805, a color selector control 807having a color selector indicator 809, color indicia 811, adisengagement control 813, and a dilution control 815.

The instrument may include a plurality of fluid reservoirs, such as inkreservoirs 817, 819, 821, and clear fluid reservoir 823. A differentnumber of ink reservoirs may be used instead, such as two, three, five,six, or more.

A different number of ink reservoirs may be used instead, such as two,three, five, six, or more. The ink reservoirs may be of any type,including any of the types discussed elsewhere in this application.

Each ink reservoir may contain a different colored ink. Any colors maybe used, including any of the colors and color sets discussed elsewherein this application. When three ink reservoirs are use, for example,each may be filled with one of the primary colors.

The clear fluid reservoir 823 may hold a clear fluid of a type thatreadily dilutes the other inks when mixed with them.

The nib 805 may be of any type. For example, the nib 805 may be a rollerball nib, a fountain pen nib, or a capillary element, such as felt. Thenib 805 may be any of the types discussed elsewhere in this application.

A fluid delivery system may be used to controllably deliver ink from oneor more of the reservoirs to an ink-receiving surface 855. The fluiddelivery systems may be of any type. For example, each fluid deliverysystem may include a cylindrical sector associated with each inkreservoir, such as cylindrical sectors 825, 827, and 829. All of thecylindrical sectors may be configured such that they form anink-delivery cylinder when fitted together, such as an ink-deliverycylinder 832. Each cylindrical sector may have a sector-like endsurface, such as sector-like end surfaces 833, 835, and 837.

Each cylindrical sector may be of any size, configuration, or material.Each cylindrical sector and its associate sector-like end surface mayinclude a capillary element such as felt. Each cylindrical sector may inaddition or instead be configured to allow ink to flow to its respectivesector-like end surface by gravity. Each cylindrical sector may includean ink flow regulator. Each cylindrical sector may be hollow or maycontain ink absorbing material.

A tapered inner section 841 may be configured to retain the cylindricalsectors 825, 827, and 829 which make up the ink delivery cylinder 832.

The color indicia 811 may include a series of flat surfaces arranged ina circle, each surface bearing a different color. The colors may besequenced in the order of the spectrum of colors that result from pairsof the primary colors being mixed at different concentrations. The colorindicia may instead be completely cylindrical and may instead be acontinuous spectrum of these colors.

Each cylindrical sector may be in fluid communication with one of theink reservoirs using any type of fluid delivery system. For example, thecylindrical sectors may each be connected to their respective inkreservoirs by capillary or gravitational elements, such as capillary orgravitational elements 845, 847, and a third one which cannot be seen.These may be tubes or felt. Any other type of fluid delivery systems maybe used in addition or instead, including any of the types discussedelsewhere in this application.

The instrument may include a disc sector assembly 851 affixed at a lowerend of the tapered outer section 803, as illustrated in FIG. 8 f. Thedisc sector assembly 851 may include a flat disc sector 853 fixablymounted within a disc sector housing 856. The flat disc sector 853 mayhave an ink-receiving surface 855 which is configured to receive anddeliver ink to the nib 805 through an intervening element 857. The flatdisc sector 853 and the intervening element 857 may be of any type. Forexample, they may be capillary elements, such as felt. The disc sectorhousing 856, on the other hand, may be made of material that does notabsorb or otherwise conduct fluid, such as metal or plastic.

The disc sector housing 856 in combination with house the flat discsector 853 may create a circular surface. However, only the flat discsector 853 may absorb and conduct fluid.

The flat disc sector 853 and the intervening element 857 may have aclear fluid lumen 859 which may be configured to receive clear fluid andto deliver it, along with all other fluid that is received by theink-receiving surface 855 of the flat disc sector 853 through theintervening element 857 to the nib 805. Inks which are received on theflat ink-receiving surface 855 and clear fluid which is received in theclear fluid lumen 859 may be mixed by the capillary action of theintervening element 857 and/or by the nib 805.

The entire volume of the flat disc sector 853 and the interveningelement 857 may be small so as only to store a minimum amount of fluid.

The tapered outer section 803 with the attached disc sector assembly 851may be rotatably attached to the tapered inner section 841 such that thetapered outer section 803 and disc sector assembly 851 may rotate withrespect to the tapered inner section 841. While so attached, thecircular surface of the disc sector assembly 851 may engage and bealigned with the sector-like end surfaces 831, 833, and 835, asillustrated in FIG. 8 j. At the same time, the clear fluid lumen 859 maybe positioned directly in front of the longitudinal extension positionof a fluid delivery pen 861 which, in turn, may be fluidically coupledto the clear fluid reservoir 823. Any type of fluid delivery system maybe used to accomplish this coupling, such as any of the types discussedelsewhere in this application.

While so configured, rotation of the color selector control 807 maycause the flat disc sector 853 to rotate and, in turn, its ink-receivingsurface 855 to shift with respect to the sector-like end surfaces 831,833, and 835. In turn, this may cause the ink-receiving surface 855 toengage one or two of these sector-like end surfaces. When the taperedouter section 803 is at one rotational position with respect to thetubular housing 801, for example, the ink-receiving surface 855 of theflat disc sector 853 may be entirely aligned with just one of thesector-like end surfaces. When rotated approximately 60° from thisposition, or example, the ink-receiving surface 855 may instead engagehalf of two neighboring sector-like end surfaces, as illustrated in FIG.8 j. Thus, the ink-receiving surface 855 of the flat disc sector 853 maybe rotated by the color selector control 807 so as to cause the flatdisc sector 853 to engage only a single sector-like end surface or twoneighboring sector-like end surfaces at any desired neighboring surfacearea ratio. The ratio of ink flow rates from neighboring sector-like endsurfaces may be proportional to the ratio of their contact area with theink-receiving surface 855. In turn, this may allow the color selectorcontrol 807 to select any desired color.

The dilution control 815 may be threadingly engaged to the top of thetubular housing 801. Rotation of the dilution control may thereforeaffect the degree to which the clear fluid delivery pen 861 is insertedinto the clear fluid lumen 859. Rotation of the dilution control 815 maytherefore affect the degree to which the inks are diluted and, in turn,the intensity of the inks when written.

When not in use, the disengagement control 813 may be actuated.Appropriate linkages may, in turn, cause the sector-like end surfaces831, 833, and 835 to completely disengage from the circular surface ofthe disc sector assembly 851, thus ensuring that ink does not continueto flow onto the ink-receiving surface 855. The disengagement control813 may be configured to be automatically actuated by placement of a cap(not shown) on the instrument.

After the color selector control 807 is rotated to select a differentcolor, the small amount of the previous color that is stored on theink-receiving surface 855, in the intervening element 857, and in thenib 805, may be removed by writing on a scratch piece of paper. Once thecolor changes to the new desired color, the instrument may again be usedon the desired writing surface.

The nib 805 may instead be made of numerous independent capillarychannels that separately connect numerous points on the ink-receivingsurface 855 directly to numerous points on the surface of the tip of thenib 805, somewhat like is illustrated in FIG. 3 c. In thisconfiguration, there may be no need to separate the sector-like endsurfaces 831, 833, and 835 from the ink-receiving surface 855 duringnon-use because the capillary elements may not cross one another.

The tubular housing 801 may be may be configured to house the inkreservoirs and the fluid delivery systems. The tubular housing may be ofany type, such as any of the types discussed elsewhere in thisapplication.

FIGS. 9 a and 9 b are cut-away views of the front and rear,respectively, of a multicolor writing and painting instrument with asingle nib fed with user-selected colored ink(s) that uses a fluiddelivery system having reciprocating capillary elements. FIG. 9 cillustrates a prismatic capillary element in the color writing andpainting instrument illustrated in FIGS. 9 a and 9 b. FIGS. 9 d-9 fillustrate different perspectives of reciprocating capillary elements inthe color writing and painting instrument illustrated in FIGS. 9 a and 9b. FIG. 9 g illustrate a reciprocating capillary element positioned tointroduce clear fluid into the prismatic capillary element in the colorwriting and painting instrument illustrated in FIGS. 9 a and 9 b. FIG. 9h illustrate color selection control sliders and a dilution controlprotruding from the tubular housing of the color writing and paintinginstrument illustrated in FIGS. 9 a and 9 b.

This instrument may include a tubular housing 901 having a taperedportion 903 supporting a single nib 905, a dilution control 907, and acolor selector slider for each color that is used, such as colorselection control sliders 909 and 911.

The nib 405 may be of any type, including any of the types discussedelsewhere in this application.

The instrument may include a plurality of fluid reservoirs, such as inkreservoirs 913, 915, 917, and 918 and clear fluid reservoir 918 whichmay be centrally located.

A different number of ink reservoirs may be used instead, such as two,three, five, six, or more. The ink reservoirs may be of any type,including any of the types discussed elsewhere in this application.

Each ink reservoir may contain a different colored ink. Any colors maybe used, including any of the colors and color sets discussed elsewherein this application. When three ink reservoirs are use, for example,each may be filled with one of the primary colors.

A fluid delivery system may be used to controllably deliver ink from oneor more of the reservoirs to ink-receiving surfaces on a stationarycapillary element 919. The fluid delivery systems may be of any type,including any of the types of fluid delivery systems that are discussedelsewhere in this application.

The stationary capillary element 919 may be fluidically connected to thenib 905. The stationary capillary element 919 may be made of anymaterial, such as felt. The stationary capillary element 919 may beconfigured to have a plurality of flat external surfaces, one for eachcolor of ink. When only three ink colors are used, the stationarycapillary element 919 may have three surfaces and be triangular in crosssection.

The stationary capillary element 919 may have an insulating cover 921which may completely surround an upper portion of the stationarycapillary element 919 and may be made of a material that does not absorbink.

The stationary capillary element 919 may have a clear fluid lumen 923.The volume of the stationary capillary element 919 and the nib 905 maybe such as to store a minimum amount of fluid.

The fluid delivery system may include a plurality of reciprocatingcapillary elements 925, 927, 929, and 931. There may be onereciprocating capillary element for the delivery of clear fluid into theclear fluid lumen 923, such as the reciprocating capillary element 931.There may be an additional reciprocating capillary element for each ofthe colors of ink, such as the reciprocating capillary elements 925,927, and 929.

Each reciprocating capillary elements may be configured to deliver inkand may have a flat surface that is configured to abut one of the flatsurfaces of the stationary capillary element 919, as illustrated inFIGS. 9 e-9 f. These elements are referred to as reciprocating, becausethey may move longitudinally with respect to the capillary element 919.To effectuate this, each of the reciprocating capillary elements may beconnected to one of the color selection sliders.

Similarly, the reciprocating capillary element 931 may be configured toslidingly engage the clear fluid lumen 923 in an adjustable amount,based on the setting of the dilution control 907. The dilution control907 may be threadingly engaged with the tubular housing 901 toeffectuate longitudinal movement of the reciprocating capillary element931 by rotation of the dilution control 907. It may instead merely movelongitudinally without rotation.

The tubular housing 901 may be configured to house the ink reservoirsand the fluid delivery systems. The tubular housing may be of any type,such as any of the types discussed elsewhere in this application.

All other aspects of the multicolor writing and painting instrumentswhich are illustrated in FIGS. 9 a-9 g may be the same as thoseillustrated and discussed above in connection with FIGS. 8 a-8 j. Onedifference, however, may be that the instrument illustrated in FIGS. 9a-9 h may have the ability to deliver more than two colorssimultaneously to the nib 905.

FIGS. 10 a-10 c illustrate a multicolor writing and painting instrumentwith a single roller ball functioning as a nib and ink-receiving surfacethat is fed with user-selected colored ink(s) from a rotatablemulti-section capillary cylinder that has a central axis that is offsetfrom the center of the roller ball.

This instrument may include a roller ball 1001 mounted within a rollerball housing 1003. The roller ball housing 1003 may include a rearwardcylindrical lumen 1005 that has a central access 1007 that is slightlyoffset from the center 1008 of the roller ball 1001. Within the rearwardcylindrical lumen may be a multi-section capillary cylinder 1009 thatmay be formed from a plurality of capillary cylinder sectors, one foreach desired color of ink, such as capillary cylinder sectors 1011,1013, and 1015. Each capillary cylinder sector may have a sector-likeend surface that may engage an ink-receiving surface at the rear of theroller-ball 1001 when positioned behind it.

The roller ball 1001 may be of any type, including any of the typesdiscussed elsewhere in this application.

The roller ball housing 1003 may be of any type, may be made of anymaterial, and may have any size.

Any number of colors and associated cylinder sectors may be used. In oneembodiment, the three primary colors may be used, and thus threecylinder sectors may be used.

Each cylinder sector may be of any type. For example, each cylindersector may be any of the types discussed above in connection with thecylinder sectors illustrated in FIGS. 8 a-8 j.

A fluid delivery system may be used to fluidically connect each cylindersector to its own ink reservoir. The fluid delivery systems may be ofany type, including any of the types discussed elsewhere in thisapplication.

The ink reservoirs may be of any type, including any of the typesdiscussed elsewhere in this application. Each ink reservoir may containa different colored ink. Any colors may be used, including any of thecolors and color sets discussed elsewhere in this application. Whenthree ink reservoirs are use, for example, each may be filled with oneof the primary colors.

A color selection control may be configured to rotate the roller ballhousing 1003 with respect to the multi-section capillary cylinder 1009.When a cylindrical housing is used to house the components of theinstrument, for example, the roller ball housing 1003 may be configuredto remain stationary within the housing, while the multi-sectioncapillary cylinder is rotated by the color selection control. A colorselection control such as is illustrated in FIGS. 8 a-8 j may, forexample, be used for this purpose. In an alternate embodiment, themulti-section capillary cylinders 1009 may remain stationary withrespect to the tubular housing, while the roller ball housing 1003 isrotated by the color selection control.

Color indicators may similarly be provided to indicate the relativerotation position between the roller ball housing 1003 and themulti-section capillary cylinder 1009. They may be of any type, such asone of the types discussed in connection with FIGS. 8 a-8 j.

A tubular housing may be provided and configured to house the inkreservoirs and the fluid delivery systems. The tubular housing may be ofany type, such as any of the types discussed elsewhere in thisapplication.

The color selection control may be adjusted to cause any desired colorto be written by the instrument illustrated in FIGS. 10 a-10 c. In FIG.10 a, for example, the color selection control has been adjusted tocause only the sector-like end surface of the capillary cylinder sector1015 to engage the ink-receiving surface of the roller ball 1001. FIG.10 b is the same, except that the multi-section capillary cylinder 1009has been rotated such that the sector-like end surface of the cylindersector 1013 engages the ink-receiving surface of the roller ball 1001.

FIG. 10 c is the same, except that the multi-section capillary cylinder1009 has been rotated such that half of the sector-like end surfaces ofthe cylinder sectors 1013 and 1015 engage the ink-receiving surface ofthe roller ball 1001, thus causing an equal mixture of their inks to bemixed by the roller ball 1001 and delivered to its tip. FIG. 10 d is thesame, except that a different neighboring set of section-like endsurfaces have been oriented to engage the ink-receiving surface of theroller ball 1001, thus causing a different color to be delivered to thetip of the roller ball 1001. The color selector control may also beadjusted to cause unequal portions of the sector-like end surfaces oftwo neighboring cylinder sectors to touch the ink-receiving surfacebehind the roller ball 1001, thus allowing any other color to bedelivered.

FIGS. 11 a and 11 b are cut-away side and top views, respectively, of amulticolor writing and painting instrument with a single nib fed withuser-selected colored ink(s) that uses a fluid delivery system thatincludes reciprocating capillary elements that are controlled by arotating knob. FIG. 11 c is the lower portion of the multicolor writingand painting instrument illustrated in FIGS. 11 a and 11 b. FIG. 11 dillustrates the rotatable knob of the color selection control in themulticolor writing and painting instrument illustrated in FIGS. 11 a and11 b.

This instrument may include a tubular housing 1101 having a taperedportion 1103 supporting a single nib 1105. The instrument may alsoinclude a color selector control 1107.

The nib 1105 may be any of the types of nibs that have been discussedelsewhere in this application. For example, the nib 1105 may be a rollerball nib.

The instrument may include ink reservoirs 1109, 1111, and 1113. Adifferent number of ink reservoirs may be used instead, such as two,three, five, six, or more. The ink reservoirs may be of any type,including any of the types discussed elsewhere in this application.

Each ink reservoir may contain a different colored ink. Any colors maybe used, including any of the colors and color sets discussed elsewherein this application. When three ink reservoirs are use, for example,each may be filled with one of the primary colors.

A fluid delivery system may be used to deliver ink from each inkreservoir to an ink-receiving surface behind the nib 1105. The fluiddelivery systems may be of any type, including any of the types of fluiddelivery systems that are discussed elsewhere in this application.

The fluid delivery system may include a reciprocating element for eachink reservoir, such as reciprocating elements 1115, 1117, and 1119. Eachreciprocating element may have a fluid delivery tip which may becontrollably engaged with or disengaged from the ink receiving surfacebehind the nib 1105, as illustrated in FIG. 11 b. A spring may be usedin connection with each reciprocating element to urge the reciprocatingelement away from the ink-receiving surface of the nib 1105, such assprings 1121, 1123, and 1125. The actuation of each reciprocatingelement may be controlled by the depression of a cam surface, such ascam surfaces 1127, 1129, and 1131. Each cam surface may be selectivelydepressed by a rotatable cam 1135 coupled to the color selector control1107. The rotatable cam 1135 may be configured to allow one or two camsurfaces to be simultaneously depressed.

The tubular housing 1101 may be configured to house the ink reservoirsand the fluid delivery systems. The tubular housing may be of any type,such as any of the types discussed elsewhere in this application.

Color selection indicia may be provided to signal to the user the colorat which the instrument has been set to write. The color selectionindicia may be of any type, such as any of the types discussed elsewherein this application.

FIG. 12 is a cut-away view of a color selection control in a multicolorwriting and painting instrument with a single nib fed with user-selectedcolored ink(s) that uses a fluid delivery system that includesreciprocating capillary elements that are automatically controlled bythe rotational position of the instrument.

This instrument may be the same as the one illustrated in FIGS. 11 a-11d, except that the rotatable cam 1135 may be replaced by a free-wheelingweight 1201 which may be rotatably mounted to a central shaft 1203. Inthis configuration, the free-wheeling weight may always be pulled downby gravity to its lowest position, thus applying force to the camsurface that lies beneath it. Thus, any one or two cam surfaces may beactuated merely by rotating the instrument to a different position.

Color selection indicia may be provided to communicate to the user thecolor the instrument is positioned to write, such as any of the colorselection indicia that are discussed elsewhere in this application inconnection with FIGS. 1 a, 2 a, 4 a-4 b, 5, 6 a-6 c, and 7 a-7 c. Thetubular housing 1205 may have a form factor help the user in identifyingwhich color the instrument is positioned to write and to help stabilizethat selected color, such as one of the form factors illustrated inFIGS. 4 a-4 b, 5, 6 a-6 c, and 7 a-7 c.

A locking mechanism may be provided to lock and unlock the position ofthe free-wheeling weight 1201. For example, the locking mechanism may beconfigured to unlock the free-wheeling weight 1201 when the instrumentis horizontally positioned, thus allowing the user to select a desiredcolor by rotating the instrument while in this horizontal position. Thelocking mechanism may be configured to lock the free-wheeling weight1201 when the instrument is moved to a tilted (i.e., writing) position,thus preventing changes in color from accidentally being made whilewriting.

FIG. 13 a is a cut away view of a multicolor writing and paintinginstrument with a single nib fed that uses droplet dispensing mechanismsconfigured to selectively deliver colored ink to an ink-receivingsurface. FIG. 13 b illustrates the lower portion of the multicolorwriting and painting instrument illustrated in FIG. 13 a.

This instrument may include a tubular housing 1301 having a taperedportion 1303 supporting a single nib 1305. The instrument may include acolor selector control 1311.

The nib 1305 may be any type of nib, such as any of the types of nibsdiscussed elsewhere in this application. For example, the nib may havean ink receiving surface 1313 which may be made of capillary material.The nib 1305 may instead be instead a roller ball nib.

A capillary or other type of intervening fluid communicating element1315 may delivers ink to the nib 1305 from the ink-receiving surface1313.

A plurality of ink reservoirs may be used, such as ink reservoirs 1317,1319, 1321 and a forth reservoir which is not very visible in thedrawings. Each reservoir may be filled with a different colored ink.When three reservoirs are used, for example, they may be filled with inkhaving one of the primary colors. The ink reservoirs may be of any type,such as one of the types discussed elsewhere in this application.

A fluid delivery system may be used to controllably deliver ink from oneor more of the reservoirs to the ink-receiving surface 1313. The fluiddelivery systems may be of any type, including any of the types of fluiddelivery systems that are discussed elsewhere in this application.

The fluid delivery systems may include a droplet dispensing mechanismfor each of the ink reservoirs, such as droplet dispensing mechanisms1323, 1325, 1327, and a forth mechanism which is not very visible in thedrawings. Each may be configured to utilize ink jet technology todeliver ink from their respective ink reservoirs to the ink-receivingsurface 1313. Each ink drop dispensing mechanism may include or consistof a solenoid valve, a piezo-electric valve, and/or a bubble jetmechanism.

The intervening element 1315 and/or the nib 1305 may be configured tomix the inks which are delivered to the ink-receiving surface 1313.

A fluid sensor 1331 may be provided to detect excess fluid on theink-receiving surface 1313. The fluid sensors may include electrodeswhich measure the resistivity across an area of the ink-receivingsurface 1313 and/or may utilize any other or additional means to measurethis fluid.

The tubular housing 1301 may be configured to house the ink reservoirsand the fluid delivery systems. The tubular housing 1301 may be of anytype, such as any of the types discussed elsewhere in this application.

The color selection control 1311 may include a matrix of coloredsurfaces. The color selection control 1311 may be configured such thatpressing a colored surface activates a corresponding switch that sends asignal to drive electronics informing it of the color selection andcausing the appropriate mixture of colors to be ejected by the dropletdispensing mechanisms.

The instrument may set the frequency of the droplets for each basiccolor in such a way that the desired color results at the nib 1305. Forexample, if a selected color requires 70% magenta and 30% cayenne, thedroplet dispensing mechanism for magenta ink may be set to operate at700 hertz while the droplet dispensing mechanism for the cayenne ink maybe set to operate at 300 hertz for the duration of the writing. When thewriting stops, the fluid accumulation on the ink-receiving surface 1313may be sensed and the dispensing actuators may be stopped. As soon asthe writing resumes and the fluid level on the ink-receiving surface1313 diminishes, the appropriate droplet dispensing mechanisms may beactuated to resume their deposition.

Microcontroller-based electronics and battery may be used. The batteriesmay be configured to supply the needed energy for the electronics andthe actuators. The microcontroller may include a memory and program thatmay be configured to print interesting patterns of colors and colorchanges during writing. A user control may be provided to select adesired pattern.

FIG. 14 is a cut away view of a the lower portion of a multicolorwriting and painting instrument with a lower, open-ended tubular housingthat uses droplet dispensing mechanisms configured to selectivelydeliver colored ink directly to a writing surface.

This instrument may include a tubular housing 1401 having a taperedportion 1403 with an opening 1405 at its end. Droplet dispensingmechanisms, such as droplet dispensing mechanisms 1407, 1409, 1411, and1413. Each may be configured to spray droplets through the opening 1405and onto a point on a writing surface on which the end of the taperedsection 1403 has been placed.

A solid ink (such as those made with mixing paraffin with colorpigments) may be used to avoid ink drying at the ink jetting heads dueto exposure to air. The paraffin-based ink may first be melted by asmall amount of ink delivered by an electric heating element and thenjetted from a droplet dispensing mechanism.

The instrument may be configured to begin operating when the tip of thetapered portion 1403 touches a writing surface. A proximity sensor(e.g., an optical sensor) or a pressure transducer may be used to detectthis touching.

All other aspects of the multicolor writing and painting instrument thatis illustrated in FIG. 14 may be the same as those that have beendiscussed above in connection with FIGS. 13 a and 13 b.

FIG. 15 is a cut away view of the lower portion of a multicolor writingand painting instrument with a single nib fed with user-selected coloredink(s) controlled by micro-fluidic valves.

This instrument may include a tubular housing 1501 having a taperedsection 1503 supporting a single nib 1505.

The nib 1505 may be of any type, including any of the types discussedelsewhere in this application.

The instrument may include one or more ink reservoirs, each holding adifferent color ink, such as ink reservoirs 1507, 1509, and 1511. Adifferent number of ink reservoirs may be used instead, such as two,three, five, six, or more. The ink reservoirs may be of any type,including any of the types discussed elsewhere in this application.

Each ink reservoir may contain a different colored ink. Any colors maybe used, including any of the colors and color sets discussed elsewherein this application. When three ink reservoirs are use, for example,each may be filled with one of the primary colors.

A fluid delivery system may be used to controllably deliver ink from oneor more of the reservoirs to an ink-receiving surface behind the nib1505. The fluid delivery systems may be of any type, including any ofthe types of fluid delivery systems that are discussed elsewhere in thisapplication.

The fluid delivery systems may include a micro-fluidic valve to regulatethe flow of fluid from each ink reservoir to the ink-receiving surface,such as the micro-fluidic valves 1513, 1515, and 1519. Micro-fluidicchannels may be used to communicate fluid to and from each micro-fluidicvalve, such as micro-fluidic channels 1521, 1523, 1525, 1527, 1529, and1531.

The tubular housing 1501 may be configured to house the ink reservoirsand the fluid delivery systems. The tubular housing may be of any type,such as any of the types discussed elsewhere in this application.

A color selection control may be provide to enable a user to select oneor more of the colored inks and to cause the fluid delivery system todeliver the selected colored to the ink-receiving surface.

Color selection indicia may be provided to signal to the user the colorat which the instrument has been oriented to write. The color selectionindicia may be of any type, such as any of the types discussed elsewherein this application.

FIG. 16 a illustrates a multicolor writing and painting instrument witha single nib fed with user-selected colored ink(s) controlled by a colorselection control that uses pivoting weights to automatically select thecolored ink based on the rotational position of the instrument. FIG. 16b illustrates the lower portion of the conical portion of the tubularhousing in the multicolor writing and painting instrument illustrated inFIG. 16 a. FIG. 16 c illustrates a pivoting weight in the multicolorwriting and painting instrument illustrated in FIG. 16 a in a closedposition. FIG. 16 d illustrates a pivoting weight in the multicolorwriting and painting instrument illustrated in FIG. 16 a in an openposition. FIG. 16 e illustrates disk-shaped cavities in the multicolorwriting and painting instrument illustrated in FIG. 16 a.

This instrument may include a tubular housing 1601 having a taperedportion 1603 and a single nib 1605.

The nib 1605 may be of any type, such as any of the types of nibsdiscussed elsewhere in this application. For example, the nib 1605 maybe a roller ball nib or a capillary element.

The instrument may include one or more ink reservoirs, such as three inkreservoirs. A different number of ink reservoirs may be used instead,such as two, three, five, six, or more. The ink reservoirs may be of anytype, including any of the types discussed elsewhere in thisapplication.

Each ink reservoir may contain a different colored ink. Any colors maybe used, including any of the colors and color sets discussed elsewherein this application. When three ink reservoirs are use, for example,each may be filled with one of the primary colors.

A fluid delivery system may be used to controllably deliver ink from oneor more of the reservoirs to an ink-receiving surface behind the nib1605. The fluid delivery systems may be of any type, including any ofthe types of fluid delivery systems that are discussed elsewhere in thisapplication.

The fluid delivery system may include a plurality of ink deliverychannels configured to deliver ink to the ink-receiving surface, such asink delivery channels 1607, 1609, and 1611. Each ink delivery channelmay have a feed lumen for receiving ink, such as a feed lumen 1613 forink delivery channel 1607, a feed lumen 1615 for ink delivery channel1609, and a feed lumen 1617 for ink delivery channel 1611.

Within each ink delivery channel may be a micro valve configured toregulate the flow of ink from the feed lumen in the ink-delivery channelto the end of the channel at which ink may be directed to theink-receiving surface behind the nib 1605. Each micro valve may includea valve pin, such as a valve pin 1621. The valve pin may have a conicaltip, such as a conical tip 1623. When the valve pin 1621 is fully down,as illustrated in FIG. 16 c, the conical tip may fully fill an exitchannel in the valve, such as an exit channel 1625, thus closing thevalve. When the valve pin is raised, such as illustrated in FIG. 16 d,fluid may flow through the channel and, in turn, to the ink-receivingsurface behind the nib 1605. The channel may have a diameter larger thanthe diameter of the valve pin to facilitate this flow.

A pivoting weight, such as a pivoting weight 1627, may be used inconnection with each micro valve. The pivoting weight may have an arm,such as an arm 1629, that engages flanges, such as flanges 1631 and1633. The pivoting weight may cause the valve pin to close the valvewhen the instrument is rotated such that the weight move away from thepin as illustrated in FIG. 16 c. Conversely, the pivoting weight maycause the valve pin to open the valve when the instrument is rotatedsuch that the weight move towards the pin as illustrated in FIG. 16 d.

A laser-based Direct-Write Fabrication Process may be used to fabricatethe nib, the ink delivery channels, the feed lumens, the valve pins, theconical tips, the pivoting weights, the arms of the pivoting weights,the flanges, the disc-shaped cavities and/or all of the structuresrelating them. This process may engrave the contours of these componentsand features directly into a glass material using a laser. The engravingmay selectively alter the characteristics of the regions that definethese components and features, including needed spaces, using special,laser-sensitive glass. The laser-treated glass may then be chemicallyetched to remove the regions treated by the laser.

Color selection indicia may be provided to signal to the user the colorat which the instrument has been oriented to write. The color selectionindicia may be of any type, such as any of the types discussed elsewherein this application.

The fluid delivery system may include disc-shaped cavities, such asdisc-shaped cavities 1641, 1643, and 1645. These may be used to regulatethe flow of ink to each of the micro-valves.

Other types of valves may be used in addition or instead. For example, avalve may be actuated by air or fluid pressure. Pneumatic or fluid powermay be supplied by a weight which presses against closed air or fluidbags. Another way to actuate micro-fluidic valves may be by a smallpermanent magnet that is positioned above the valve which is desired tobe open. The valve may be made or have attached to it iron, nickel, orother magnetic materials. The magnet may be moved, again by means of aweight, always driven by downward gravity as the instrument body isrotated.

The valves may instead operate by electric power in which case switchingmay be done by means of a weight which activates valve switches as theinstrument is rotated to a desired orientation.

Alternatively, manual buttons may be used to select a desired inkchanneling configuration.

In electronic versions, proportional valves may use pulse-widthmodulations (PWM) control to control the ink flow rate. Another methodfor flow control may be the use of multiple parallel channels for eachink color. The number of open channels may determine the overall flowrate of the ink. Other types of devices may be used to electronicallyoperate the valves, such as devices which work with electromagnetics(e.g., solenoids and relays) capacitance, piezo-electric properties,shape memory alloys, or polymers.

Thousands of micro-fluidic circuits may be etched in a mass productionsetting. An electronically operated circuit may use a small buttonlithium battery.

The figures discussed above describe several embodiments ofmulti-colored pens, including several variations of each embodiment,such as variations in sizes, shapes, material composition, number,functions, and component selection. Each embodiment includes acombination of components. Each of the components in one embodiment maybe replaced by the corresponding component from any other embodiment.Each of the components from any one of the embodiments may also be addedto each of the other embodiments when the other embodiment lacks acorresponding component. For example, the multiple nibs in oneembodiment may be replaced by one of the single nibs in one of the otherembodiments. Similarly, the color selection indicia, ink and clear fluidreservoirs, inks, and fluid delivery systems in one embodiment may bereplaced by the corresponding color selection indicia, ink and clearfluid reservoirs, inks, and fluid delivery system from each of the otherembodiments. The only exception to these variations is when the changeor addition would not be compatible.

The components, steps, features, objects, benefits and advantages thathave been discussed are merely illustrative. None of them, nor thediscussions relating to them, are intended to limit the scope ofprotection in any way. Numerous other embodiments are also contemplated.These include embodiments that have fewer, additional, and/or differentcomponents, steps, features, objects, benefits and advantages. Thesealso include embodiments in which the components and/or steps arearranged and/or ordered differently.

Unless otherwise stated, all measurements, values, ratings, positions,magnitudes, sizes, and other specifications that are set forth in thisspecification, including in the claims that follow, are approximate, notexact. They are intended to have a reasonable range that is consistentwith the functions to which they relate and with what is customary inthe art to which they pertain.

The phrase “means for” when used in a claim is intended to and should beinterpreted to embrace the corresponding structures and materials thathave been described and their equivalents. Similarly, the phrase “stepfor” when used in a claim embraces the corresponding acts that have beendescribed and their equivalents. The absence of these phrases means thatthe claim is not intended to and should not be interpreted to be limitedto any of the corresponding structures, materials, or acts or to theirequivalents.

Nothing that has been stated or illustrated is intended or should beinterpreted to cause a dedication of any component, step, feature,object, benefit, advantage, or equivalent to the public, regardless ofwhether it is recited in the claims.

The scope of protection is limited solely by the claims that now follow.That scope is intended and should be interpreted to be as broad as isconsistent with the ordinary meaning of the language that is used in theclaims when interpreted in light of this specification and theprosecution history that follows and to encompass all structural andfunctional equivalents.

1. A multicolor writing and painting instrument comprising: a tubularhousing sized and shaped to be held by fingers of a user; a plurality ofhard, wear-resistant nibs at an end of the tubular housing, each nibhaving a tip, the nibs being bundled together such that the tips of thenibs lie in substantially the same plane and approximately on thecircumference of a common circle; an ink reservoir for each of the nibswithin the tubular housing, each ink reservoir being configured to holda colored ink; and a fluid delivery system within the tubular housingfor each of the nibs, each fluid delivery system being connected betweenone of the nibs and the ink reservoir for that nib and configured todeliver fluid from that reservoir to that nib.
 2. The multicolor writingand painting instrument of claim 1 wherein the ink reservoirs eachcontain a different colored ink.
 3. The multicolor writing and paintinginstrument of claim 2 wherein the different colors include red, blue andblack.
 4. The multicolor writing and painting instrument of claim 1wherein each nib is made of a hard metal.
 5. The multicolor writing andpainting instrument of claim 1 wherein each nib includes a roller ball.6. The multicolor writing and painting instrument of claim 5 whereineach roller ball is a needle-style roller ball.
 7. The multicolorwriting and painting instrument of claim 1 further comprising colorselection indicia on the surface of the tubular housing that isconfigured to communicate to the user the color the instrument ispositioned to write.
 8. The multicolor writing and painting instrumentof claim 7 wherein the color selection indicia includes a colorselection indicia for each nib, and wherein each color selection indiciafor a nib spans across only a portion of the perimeter of thecross-section of the tubular housing and is located opposite inrotational position to that nib.
 9. The multicolor writing and paintinginstrument of claim 8 wherein each color selection indicia for a nibincludes a visual color that is approximately the same as the coloredink delivered to that nib.
 10. The multicolor writing and paintinginstrument of claim 8 wherein the tubular housing has a plurality ofsubstantially flat longitudinal surfaces, each corresponding to one ofthe nibs.
 11. The multicolor writing and painting instrument of claim 10wherein there are two and only two nibs and wherein the tubular housinghas a substantially flattened oval cross-section with two and only twosubstantially flat longitudinal surfaces.
 12. The multicolor writing andpainting instrument of claim 10 wherein there are three and only threenibs and wherein the tubular housing has three and only threesubstantially flat longitudinal surfaces that have a substantiallytriangular cross-section.
 13. The multicolor writing and paintinginstrument of claim 10 wherein there are four and only four nibs andwherein the tubular housing has four and only four substantially flatlongitudinal surfaces that have a substantially rectangularcross-section.
 14. The multicolor writing and painting instrument ofclaim 1 wherein each fluid delivery system includes a capillary elementconfigured to transfer fluid by capillary action.
 15. The multicolorwriting and painting instrument of claim 1 wherein each nib is afountain pen nib.
 16. The multicolor writing and painting instrument ofclaim 15 wherein each fountain pen nib includes two half nibs andwherein each adjacent set of half nibs from neighboring fountain pennibs are configured to mix the inks that are delivered to theirrespective neighboring nibs.
 17. The multicolor writing and paintinginstrument of claim 1 comprising three and only tree nibs, reservoirs,and fluid delivery systems.
 18. The multicolor writing and paintinginstrument of claim 1 comprising two and only two nibs, reservoirs, andfluid delivery systems.
 19. A multicolor writing and painting instrumentcomprising: a tubular housing sized and shaped to be held by fingers ofa user; a single, hard, wear-resistant nib at an end of the tubularhousing, the nib having: a writing surface; and a plurality of tubeswhich each lead to the writing surface of the nib, the tubes forming aplurality of openings on the writing surface, the openings arranged inclusters of one or more openings, each cluster of openings lyingapproximately along a circumference of a common circle; a separate inkreservoir within the tubular housing for each cluster of openings; and afluid delivery system within the tubular housing connected between eachink reservoir and the tubes which form the openings of one of theclusters of openings and configured to deliver fluid from the reservoirto which it is connected to the tubes to which it is connected.
 20. Themulticolor writing and painting instrument of claim 19 wherein the nibis made of glass.
 21. The multicolor writing and painting instrument ofclaim 19 wherein the nib is made of ceramic.
 22. The multicolor writingand painting instrument of claim 19 wherein the nib is made of metal.23. The multicolor writing and painting instrument of claim 19 whereineach cluster of openings is spaced apart from the other clusters ofopenings.
 24. The multicolor writing and painting instrument of claim 19wherein each tube is configured to transfer fluid by capillary action.25. The multicolor writing and painting instrument of claim 19 whereineach fluid delivery system includes a capillary element configured totransfer fluid by capillary action.
 26. The multicolor writing andpainting instrument of claim 19 wherein the tubes which form theopenings of each of the clusters of openings lead to an ink distributionhub that is separate from all of the other ink distribution hubs. 27.The multicolor writing and painting instrument of claim 19 wherein eachreservoir contains a different colored ink.
 28. The multicolor writingand painting instrument of claim 27 wherein there are three and onlythree clusters of openings and reservoirs.
 29. The multicolor writingand painting instrument of claim 28 wherein one of the reservoirscontains yellow ink, another cyan ink, and the other magenta ink. 30.The multicolor writing and painting instrument of claim 19 wherein thereare two and only two clusters of openings, ink reservoirs, and fluiddelivery systems.
 31. The multicolor writing and painting instrument ofclaim 19 wherein there are three and only three separated clusters ofopenings, ink reservoirs, and fluid delivery systems.
 32. The multicolorwriting and painting instrument of claim 19 further comprising colorselection indicia on the surface of the tubular housing that isconfigured to communicate to the user the color the instrument ispositioned to write.
 33. The multicolor writing and painting instrumentof claim 32 wherein the color selection indicia includes a colorselection indicia for each of the clusters of openings, and wherein eachcolor selection indicia extends across only a portion of the perimeterof the cross-section of the tubular housing and is located opposite inrotational position to that cluster of openings.
 34. The multicolorwriting and painting instrument of claim 33 wherein each color selectionindicia for a cluster of openings includes a visual color that isapproximately the same as the colored ink delivered to the tubes whichlead to that cluster of openings.
 35. The multicolor writing andpainting instrument of claim 19 wherein the tubular housing has aplurality of substantially flat longitudinal surfaces, eachcorresponding to one of the separated clusters of openings.
 36. Themulticolor writing and painting instrument of claim 35 wherein there aretwo and only two clusters of openings and wherein the tubular housing asubstantially flattened oval cross-section with two and only twosubstantially flat longitudinal surfaces that have.
 37. The multicolorwriting and painting instrument of claim 35 wherein there are three andonly three separated clusters of openings and wherein the tubularhousing has three and only three substantially flat longitudinalsurfaces that have a substantially triangular cross-section.
 38. Themulticolor writing and painting instrument of claim 10 wherein there arefour and only four separated clusters of openings and wherein thetubular housing has four and only four substantially flat longitudinalsurfaces that have a substantially rectangular cross-section.